Valve



Dec. 18, 1945. s. c. CARTER VALVE Filed Aug. 17, 1945 2 Sheets- Sheet l IN V EN TOR. Jazm/e/ C. Car/er BY I Dec. 18, 1945.

- 5. c. CARTER VALVE Filed Aug. 17, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 0 M u I I 0 m M I M INVENTOR. Janus/c. Car/Z Patented Dec. 18, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT- o-EFI VALVE. SwlldQ-Qarter, Lo$ Angc esfiallf Application August 17, 1943,; Serial? 1570.. 498,943;-

I ac l i (CL25L-11Q3') invention has to do with a valve" of the type in which packing is employed? to efiect a fluid-tight seal; andit is ageneral object, of the irlsventionto provide a simple, practical and effective valve o-f this type.

' Valves-are generally constructed so that a metal to metal'seat or seal'isdepended upon; to make them" tight. It is advantageous in many instances to use a packing toefi'ect a. seal; However, when this isdone certain diili'culties are experienced, For instance; the packing becomes dislodged and'enters the fluid beinghandled by the valve. In-the caseof'a plug-valve if packing is-used there-is a marked tendency for-thepacking to be shaved or-cut loose as the plug is operated; This not only consumespacking but res'ults' inpacking being depositedin the fluid being handled by the valve;- a feature-most undesirable in the case of fluids-thatmust bekept clean and free of foreign matter;.

It is an object of my presentinvention to provide a plug valve embodying a unique construction for'packing between the plug and body; The construction is such as toprovide a narrowring of packing around the fluid passagein a manner to provide an efiectiveand eflicient' seal so that the valve made tight by the packing rather than depending upon themetal tometal fit.

Another object of the invention is to provide a plug valve construction ofthe character mentioned which lends itself to simple production manufacture. The construction involves a minimum number of simple, easily'made parts.

Another object of the presentinvention isto provide a valve construction of the character mentioned in which the movable part, say the plug, which ordinarly acts to cut the packing. is constructed so that it canbe operated repeatedly Without in any way. disturbing thepacking;

Another object of. the-invention is to. provide a plug valveof the character mentioned-involving numerous novel and efiective features of construction and operation, all of which make the valve practical and convenient to use.

The various objects and; features of: my invention will be fully understood from the; following detailed' description ofa typical preferred form and. application of the invention, throughout which. description reference is made to. the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig.1 is'a central section through a typical plug valve embodying the invention, showing the'parts in position wherethevalve is readyrto be finally opened to pass fluid through one outletwhilethe other outlet: shown-is closed or out: of register.

Fig. 2iis a plan view Ofi the valve being; a view taken as-sindicated by line 2.'-2 on 1. Fig. 31 is" a detailed viewfshowing a fluid port: in the body of the valve and illustratingathe packing ring. surrounding the-port, being 'awview taken substantially as indicated by. line lie-3 on Fig; 1. Fig. 4 is" a reduced! transverse sectional view takenas indicatedby line 4T.-4 on Fig'. '1, showing the" manner in: which. the parts areposit-ioned when the valve'plugaisturned. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the valve. fully open. Figs 6? an enlarged view. of a portion of .the valve taken as: indicated by line 6 -15 on Fig. 5, and. Fig. 'l is a detailed sectional view; taken as indicatedby 1ine;1- l:onFig;6." I

The features 'ofva'lve construction provided by my inventionware".applicable:to: valves, generally, and" may be incorporated'tin valves designedfor various purposes. Ini-thetdrawings {have shown one typical application. of the invention: but wish it. understood that various, modifications .and adaptationsv may be made to fit the 'featuresiof invention to. other forms of valves, as circumstances may. require. In the case illustrated the invention is-v applied to. what may be termed a distributing valve, wherein there isa single fluid inletandsseveral.fluid-outlets, the valve being'operable to conduct the flnidfrom the'inlet to whichever one of theseveral outlets the operator'may'select; I I 1 j 'llhe; construction illustrated includes, generally; a valvebody l0 having a cylindrical opening or borev Hz, a. head 12 closing one end oft-he body acap. lr3 closingthe other end ofthe body, av plug: It rotatably carried in, the: cylindrical chan'rberdefined by the body. cap and head and having a port for conducting fluid from said chamber-to aportprovided in theibody, an. annular-packingliexposed to the chamber and surrounding export in they body" where itcommunicates with the bore H; means l6- carried by the plug. and operable to; occupy the port pro:-

' vided: therein. sotheplug presents a smooth con.-

timlorus surface for operation in the body and past the-packing; means I1 for. operating'the plug; means1l8 for operating theimeans' l6 and asihglebhhtrol}: Hl'ior; operating the means, I"! and1l:8;. a

Thezbody: HLin. accordance withtherpreferred formofztheinventionisshapediamt-proportioned to properly. cooperate with the headwlzand cap l3 to form a closed chamber for carrying the plugrfl "Ihelbodv may vary in sizeand 'proportioningdependingiupon the plug to. be accome modated; and depending; upon the number of fluid handling ports provided in it and upon the pressures or fluids to be handled. In the case illustrated the body is provided with four fluid handling ports, that is, the valve is such as to distribute or receive fluid to or from four different outlets. For sake of simplicity I will refer to but one outlet, it being understood that the construction may correspond at each of the outlets.

In accordance with my invention the bodypresents a smooth or finished cylindrical bore II to accommodate the plug [4, and communicating with this bore, at a suitable point circumferentially, there is a fluid handling port 20.

port extends radially a suitable distance from the bore II in the body and thenextends axially to terminate or open at the end of the body which is provided with the head 12. A su'itable fluid conduit may be connected with the body to com-.

around the body and the'valve is such'that these portsiare inuse one at a time, as will be here 'inafter described.

The head I 2 closing oneend of the body") may, as shown in the drawings, be an integral or continuous part of the body. In practice the body may be formed of a block boredout from the cap end to form the chamber A so it is sufliciently dee to accommodate the parts hereinafter described.

The invention contemplates the introduction of the fluid to be handled into the chamber A of the body. In the preferred construction illustrated the fluid is introduced into the chamber A through an opening 22 provided in the head l2 and inpractice a suitable supply pipe or the like can be connected in any suitable manner to deliver fluid to the opening: 22. I

The cap 13 which. closes "the other, or what I will term the upper, end of the body is a detach-.- able or removable element in the form of a plate 23 designed to seat against the upper end 24of the body and having a boss .25 turned to slidably extend a suitable distance into. the upper end of the body opening. .The-bOss 25 serves to define the upper end or wall of the chamber A and serves to centralize the cap relative to the body. In practice. any suitable means maybe provided for securing the cap i3 to .the body ID, for instance, as shown, screws 26, orthe. like, may be provided to extend through the part 23 of the cap into the upper end of the body I 0.

The movable element l4 ofthe valve, which is in the form of a plug, is rotatably carried in the chamber A formed by the combination of the body l0, head l2, and cap l3. The plug is formed of a disc-shaped body 21 which seats against the inner end of the hub 25 and a peripheral flange 28 which projects downwardly from the body 21 to slidably engage the head l2, as clearly shown in Figs. ,1 and 6 of thedrawings. The body 21 and flange 28 form an inverted cup-like struc ture which carries the parts hereinafter de.-' scribed and which serves to receivewfluid intro-. 'duced through the opening 22. A port 30 is formed through the flange 28 at'a point so that it can be brought into register with the opening 20 by rotation of the plug. In the construction illustrated there is a single port 30 in the flange 21! as the valve is designed to pass the fluid to but one port 20'at a time;

' 'The annular packing l surrounds the opening 20 to effect a seal around the opening to prevent escape or passage of fluid to'orfromthe This of the bosses to be turned ,packing suchas .a mixture of lead, finely divided rubberor' neoprene, or ;the like, and a suitable lubricant. It is to be undertsood, however. that the present invention is not concerned with the specific character of the packing used.

A feature of the present invention is the construction by which a narrow annular channel 48 is provided around theport to carry the packing l5. In the construction illustrated a bore 4| is provided in the side of the body It] concentric with the port 20 to extend into the body a substantial distance. A relatively thin wall 42 is left between the bottom of the bore 4| and the bore H of the body. An opening 43 cons siderably smaller in diameter than the bore 4! is provided through the Wall 42 concentric with the port 20 to define the outer wall of the annular passage for carrying the packing l5.

' A block is screw threaded into the opening 4| until its shoulder 5| fits tightly against a shoulder 52 on the outer surface of the body II. The block 50 has a central turned boss 53 which projects through the opening 43 with clearance sufficient to define the'annular passage for the packing and so that the outer surface of the .boss 53 forms the other wall of the packing pasing from the chamber C to the chamber B. A

plug 55 is screw-threaded into the outer end of the openingforming the chamber C. By rotating the plug 56 it can beforced against the packing in chamber C to force packing through passages 55, chamber B and outthrough the annular passage shown in Fig. 3.

In practice when the packing-carrying parts are filled with packing, as shown in the drawings, the plug 56 is tightened so that there is a pressure on the packing sufficient to cause it to tend to discharge from the narrow annular passage above described,;and thereby maintain a tight seal between the plug l4 and the body Ill.

The blockEfl threaded into the opening t! in the body becomes a rigid or fixed part of the body that is not disturbed afterthe structure is initially assembled. In the construction illustrated the port 20 provided in the body is actually formed in part through the block 5i! and it will be observed from an examination of Figs. 1 and 6 that the port 20 is actually formed centrally in. the boss .53 and extends laterally out through the block so that the fluid is finally discharged at the lower endof the body It]. In practice the several blocks 5!! may be tightly assembled in place prior. to finishing the bore Ii in the body so that one finishing operation causes the ends true with the other parts of the body. With the structure thus far described and with cgsomca pack' v ing -IE in anlannulalr body aroundthezport lmtherewouldi-bea tendency ifor theipacicingto 'be cutt on shaved loff by the edges: presented by the port 30 each time the valve was operated to move/the: port-.430. pastztheigpacking; q

4 The-means IE: m'io'vid'dr for :occupying the: port ac operates. ltO fill the port so: so thatthere isi'no edgepresented z-bys the? plug :M to". cut: or .in :any way'disturb 'the annular packing l5. Theimeans 16 in 'itstpreferre'd form. includes aa fillersfifl Joperable" to fit: and shiny occupy the'. port 30s and having; its outer. end 61 curved? concentricowith the exterior: of. the plugs; so; that: when the :fiiler occupies'the port the surface 6| ;.forms a con- .tinuation'iofi the exterior of} the: plug: s Irr thecformnofi theiihveiition .illustratedxthe fillenBOitis. formed on: akcross'ehead-"fil slid'ably carried in a guideway GSLFfoHnedLiim'the-Tpmg l4'.

-Ii1.,the :preferremconstruction the. guideway: 63

isipnovidedby. a slot. formedv ima: discsshaped part 64'; of the. plug which iSE'fOIIIlEdf separateiirom the other parts'rof theplug andaisiinsertedlfrom the ;-bottom? of; the plug? sob-it fits tightly in" the flanges, as clearly -shWn=in-:Figs;. 1 andfi of the drawings. Since theplugpart'fleisi in the. form ofsaadiscuand fits-tightly in the: flange from;- its lower. end; .a. .port 30r1is providediimv the: part 64 to. pass fluid to the port;.30:: so 'that' there. is ".free flow ofi'fluid from the opening :22 to: the -port:. 30.

The 1; means H provided! by" the:-present "invene tionxfori operatingthe: plug M includes a: stem 'lflprojectingzupwardly from the: plug I4 through aycentrall bore H. in the:-cap:;|3'.- :T-I'he stem 10 projectsabove the cap where sit-maybe: engaged for. rotation.-, Inithe former the :inventioniillustratedz'the stem 101's formed integrally'withthe p1l1g;;;|4: I g. :57 'The. means 1-8 provided" for/operating: the means 16 includes: ai-shaftJB: rotatablyycarried in a central bore 14in the stem 19 andaneccentric pin-l5 on the--lower-:end-.;of. the:shaft 213i cooperate ing with the;crosshead*6 2. In-the,particulancom struction illustrated-:the: eccentricrpin-rl 5.--s1-idably fits a. transverse "channel-16 m: the crosshead 62 so that as the shafta 'l3- is rotatedthrough 18G" thecross-head .62 is-moved from-one extreme positiontothe other-initherguideway' 63. At'one shaped and proportioned :to facilitate-convenient operation; The. pivot x-pinz8 I; which i'carries' the .lever iiflliis supported by ahead 86? fixed on the projecting end of-Shaft I3; In the particular case iillustrated the lever 80 hasya yoke portion 81 .which-straddles the-head 86'and receives the end portions of the pin 81' projecting from-opposite sidesrof theheadwfi. Through theconstruction just described the .lever:8fl"can be swung' verticallyabout the transverse pivot-pin 8:! without in any way'disturbingor operating the shaft 13. However, when the lever iifl "is turned or swung in either direction it will result; in corresponding rotation of the shaft 13; lt is'through'this structure that 'tlierleverriifl can-be. rotated to-turn the shaft'l3 and thus operate the eccentric pin 15 to shift the crosshead 64 between the two positions above described; Y The arm.82 projects laterally from the projecti'ng'end' portion of the stem 10 and is keyed or otherwise fixed to the stem to be rigid therewith.

-The 11017011133111 the outer end portion of the arm a the notch 83*byoperation of the lever'80 about end of its movem'entithe crossheaid,62-,-supports the filler ;so thatit occupies 'therport-flm as shownin Figs. 1 andA; whereasattheother. end oi? its movement it; supportsjthefilleri-fiuclear of the ports3li and-30 as shown, in Fig: 5-.

The upper end of the shaft 13 projects above or beyond the stem 1!]:to beengaged for rotation;v Y

;.-The control means le -for, themeansalm'and the means 3- is provided,- to iacilitateoperation of the plugl4 and ofthemeansglfi throughithe stem 10 and the shaft- '!3;;and =further-operates to coordinate the movements"oroperations of'the plug. I 4 and the means-fil dsdthat the-plug; Mean only be turned when the 11168115546151, operated sdthat-the; fi1ler-60- fully occupies the port 6%! t p us The control .l 9, as illustrated: inqthe, drawings includesigenerally a manuallyoperable.- lever 86 pivotally connected to-- the=-projec ting- .endofthe shaft 13. through a transverse pivotal connection formed by'apivot' pin Bisan; arm182 on the stem 1-04 provided with an upwardly,- opening notch :83, azfinger 84 on the lever-'80 to cooperateawith the notch 83, and a retainer 85 operating-; torretain therfingertl in the notch- 83thh0ughout certain rota-tivepositions of the-plug l4=- 5.

.The'lever 80' may be anordinary hand, lever therpin' 8i. lt' willbe' apparent from the drawings that if: the-lever is lifted from-a position suchasris 'shown" in Fig; 1 the finger 84 can be disengaged fromfthe notch 83;

:LTheretainer isprovided to prevent disengagement'ofthe finger 84 from the notch 83 except when the plug 114 'is in certain definite rotative. positionsrelative to the body, in which positions the port- 30 of the plug registers'with a port 20 of the body. The retainer 85 isin the form ofia'fiange carried by the cap I3 and overhanging the-notched'portion of the 'arm' 82. 'It' is clearly shown. in'Fig'. 1 how the retaining flange 85:"confines the'finger 84'to the notch83' so that whenthe partsare in the positions shown in Fig. Lthe stem-102 and shaft 83 arelocked together to rotate in unison-.01. as a unit." The retaining flange 851ha's-spa'ced channels which allow for vertical 'passagei'of thefinger 84 so that it will pass upwardly out of the notch 83 Where there are several points 20 'in'the body in there is a corresponding number of channels 90 in the retaining'flange 85'and' the channels'are so located as to pass'the finger M on'ly when the plug i4 is in a position where-its port 3ui'regi'sters'with one of the'portszo of the body. When the plug is thus positioned with itsl'port 30- registering with a portzil. of thebodythefingerB4 can be disengaged from the notch 83 b-y'lifting of the lever 8 l: scethatz the finger passes above the retaining fianger85, whereupon the lever can be operated to -turn thesshaft -13 independently of the stem M to operate the crosshead B2 and thus withdraw thefiller fifl. from the' port 311.; When the lever 88 has thus operated-to independently move ever the finger 84 is disengaged fromthe notch 83 to be above the' retaining flange 85 the plug 44 is left with its port in register with a port 26 and rotation or swinging of the lever 80 operates the means IE to move the filler into'and out of position where it occupies the port' 30. However, whenever the lever 80 is in position where the finger 84 registers with a channel 9|] the filler Bi! is projected to occupy the port 30 and thus whenever the finger 84 engages the notch 84 so that the plug canbe turned the plug and the means l6 turn as a unit without independent operation of the means [6 or, in other words,'the plug turns with the filler 69 projected so that the plug has a continuous smooth external surface that operates past the annular packing l5. 1

Having described only a typical preferred form and application of my invention, I do not wish to be limited or restricted to the specific details herein set forth, but wish to reserve to myself any variations or modifications that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A valve including a body forming a chamber and having a port communicating with the chamber, a plug operable in the chamber and having a port to cooperate with the port of the body, packing carried by the body to seal between the body and having a port communicating with the chamber, a plug operable in the chamber and having a port to cooperate with the port of the body, packing carried by the body in an annular body surrounding the port of the body to seal between the body and plug, and means operable to occupy the port in the plug so the plug presents a continuous surface to operate past the packing.

3. A valve including two elements, one a body forming a chamber and-having a port communicating with the chamber, the other a, plug operable in the chamber and having a port cooperating with the port of the body, packing carried by one element to pack between the body and plug, and a member carried by the other element operable to occupy the port therein so said other element presents a continuous surface to operate past the packing,

4. A valve including two elements, one a body forming a chamber and having a port communieating with the chamber, the other a plug operable in the chamber and having a port cooperating with the port of the body, packing carried by one element to pack between the body and plug, a member carried by the other element operable to occupy the port therein so said other element presents a continuous surface to operate past the packing, and means for operating the plug and cooperating with said member whereby the plug is operable only when said member occupies the port.

5. A valve including two elements, one a body forming a chamber and having a port communicating with the chamber, the other a plug operable in the chamber and having a port cooperating with the port of the body, packing carried by one element to pack between the body and plug, a member carried by the other element operable to occupy the port therein so said other element presents a continuous surface to operate past the .packing, and a control operable to move said member only when the ports are cooperating and to move the plug only when said member is operated to occupy the port.

6. A valve including two elements, one a body forming a chamber and having a port communicating with the chamber, the other a plug operable in the chamber and having a port cooperating with the port of the body, packing carried by one element to pack between the body and plug, a member carried by the other element operable to occupy the port therein so said other element presents a continuous surface to operate past the packing, and a control operable to move said member only when the ports are cooperating and to move the plug only when said member is operated to occupy the port, the control including a single manually operable part.

7. A valve including two elements, one a body forming a chamber and having a port communieating with'the chamber, the other a plug operable in the chamber and having a port cooperating with the port of the body, packing carried by one element to pack between the body and plug, a member carriedby the other element operable to occupy the port therein so said other element presents a, continuous surface to operate past the packing, and a control operable to move said member only when the ports are cooperating and to move the plug only when said member is oper ated to occupy the port, the control including a single lever assgciated with said member to operate it, an arm associated with the plug to operate it, and means releasably connecting the lever and arm to be operated together from thelever when said member is operated to occupy the port.

8. A valve including a body forming a cylindrical chamber and having circumferentially spaced ports communicating with the chamber, a plug rotatable in the chamber and having a port adapted to register with any one of the ports in the body, packing means for sealing between the body and plug around each of the ports in the body, and a member operable to occupy the port in the plug when the plug is moved.

9. A valve including a body forming a chamber having a port communicating with the chamber, a plug operable in the chamber and having a port to cooperate with the port in the body, and means for occupying the port in the plug so the plug has a continuous surface to operate in the body, said means including a part slidably carried by the plug and a filler projecting from said'part to enter the port in the plug.

10. A valve including a body forming a chamber having a port communicating with the chamber, a plug operable in the chamber and having a port to cooperate With the port in the body, a tubular operating stem for the plug, a slide carried by the plug with a part to occupy the port in the plug, and a shaft carried in the stem operable to move the slide.

11. A valve including a body forming a chain'- ber having a port communicating with the chamber, a, plug operable in the chamber and having a port to cooperate with the 'port in the body, a tubular operating stem for the plug, a slide carried by the plug with a part to occupy the port in the plug, a shaft carried by the stem operable independently thereof, and an eccentric pin on the shaft engaging the slide to move it when the shaft is rotated.

12. A valve including a body having an opening and a port communicating with the opening, a plug carried in the body opening, a stem for operating the plug, a packing carried by the body to surround the port, the plug having a port to cooperate with the port in the body, a member carried by the plug operable to occupy the port in the plug, a shaft carried by the stem, an eccentric pin on the shaft for operating said member, and a single operating means for the stem and shaft.

13. A valve including a body having an opening and a port communicating with the opening, a plug carried in the body opening, a stem for operating the plug, a packing carried by the body to surround the port, the plug having a port to cooperate with the port in the body, a member carried by the plug operable to occupy the port in the plug, a shaft carried by the stem,-an eccentric pin on the shaft for operating said member, an operating lever carried by the shaft, an arm on the stem, and means under control of the lever whereby the plug is operable by the lever through the stem only when the shaft is in position so said member occupies the port in the plug.

14. A valve including, a body forming a chamber and having an opening joining the chamber, a block having a fluid passage opening at one endthereof, the block being applied to the body so its inner end forms'part of the wall of the chamber and so there is an opening between the block and body surrounding the block at the chamber, packing in the last named opening, and a plug in the body engaged by the packing'and operable to control the fluid passage.

15. A valve including a body forming a chamber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber, a block occupying the side opening and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the inner end of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a fluid passage opening at its inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage.

,16. A valve including a body forming a chamber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber, a block screw threaded into the side opening and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the inner end of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a fluid passage opening atits inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage.

, 17. A valve including a body forming achamber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber and enlarged at its outer end, a block occupying the side opening being threaded in the said outer end thereof and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the innerend of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a fluid passage opening at its inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage.

18. A valve including a body forming a chamber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber, a block occupying the side .opening and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the inner end of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a fluid passage opening at its inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage, there being a cavity established in the side opening by the block to carry a supply of packing.

19. A valve including a body forming a chamber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber and enlarged at its outer end, a block occupying the side opening being threaded in the said outer end thereof and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the inner end of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a fluid passage opening at its inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage, there being an unoccupied cavity in the enlarged part of the side opening forming a chamber to carry packing in communication with the said channel.

20. A valve including a body forming a chamber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber, a block occupying the side opening and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the inner end of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a fluid passage opening at its inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage, there being a cavity established in the side opening by the block. to carry a supply of packing, the block including a threaded part operable to apply pressure on packing in the cavity.

21. A valve including a body forming a chainber and having a side opening communicating with the chamber, a block occupying the side opening and having its inner end in the plane of the wall of the chamber and spaced from the inner end of the side opening to form a channel, packing in the channel, the block having a,

fluid passage opening at its inner end, and a plug operable in the chamber to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage, there being a cavity established in the side opening by the block to carry a supply of packing, the block including a threaded part accessible from the outer end of the block and operable to apply pressure on packing in the cavity.

22. A valve including, a body forming a chamber and having an opening in it from one side communicating with the chamber and enlarged at its outer end portion, a block threaded. in the outer end portion of the opening and having its inner end coplanar with the Wall of the chamber and reduced in size leaving a channel between it and the wall of the opening in the body, there being a fluid passage extending between the inner end of the block and one side of the block remote from the inner end, there being a cavity in the block communicating with the channel, packing in the cavity and channel, a plug in the body to be sealed by the packing and to control the fluid passage, and a member carried by the block operable to apply pressure to the packing in the cavity.

SAMUEL C. CARTER. 

